International Journal of Research in Social Science and Humanities (IJRSS) ISSN:2582-6220, DOI: 10.47505/IJRSS

Project Planning and Performance of Livestock Commercialization Projects in Kenya

Tonny Blair Kimori — 2025-10-07

The performance of livestock commercialization projects plays a critical role in enhancing food security, boosting rural incomes, and driving economic growth in Kenya. Despite the livestock sector’s substantial contribution to livelihoods and agricultural GDP, numerous donor- and government-supported initiatives have faced delays, unmet targets, and limited sustainability. For example, the Smallholder Dairy Commercialization Program did not achieve its household and group objectives, largely due to inadequate planning, logistical inefficiencies, and weak coordination. This study therefore examined the influence of project planning on the performance of livestock commercialization projects, focusing on the Kenya Livestock Commercialization Project (KeLCoP). The study was anchored on transformational leadership theory. A descriptive survey design was adopted, targeting 56 staff members drawn from the Project Management and Coordination Unit (PMCU) and County Project Management and Coordination Units (CPMCUs) across 10 counties. The results revealed a significant relationship between project planning and performance of livestock commercialization projects (r = 0.806, p = 0.000). The coefficient of determination was R²=0.650, hence project planning accounted for 65% variation in project performance. The results establishes that performance of livestock commercialization projects is influenced by project planning. The study concludes that effective and well-coordinated project planning is a key driver of performance in livestock commercialization projects. By shaping how resources, time, and human efforts are managed, planning emerges as a decisive factor in achieving meaningful and sustainable project outcomes. The study recommends that the State Department of Livestock Development and county livestock departments adopt comprehensive and structured planning to enhance efficiency, minimize delays, and improve the performance of commercialization projects.

Prevention and Reduction of Stunting through the use of Village Funds

Trihatsari Dhevi Karunia Putri — 2025-10-07

The purpose of this study is to describe and analyze the implementation of the Regulation of the Minister of Villages, Disadvantaged Regions, and Transmigration of the Republic of Indonesia Number 7 of 2023 concerning the Details of Priority Use of Village Funds in efforts to prevent and reduce stunting in Arjowilangun Village, along with the supporting and inhibiting factors. This study uses a qualitative approach with research procedures that produce descriptive data. The research location was in Arjowilangun Village, Kalipare District, Malang Regency. The data sources were primary and secondary data. The data collection techniques used were observation, interviews, and documentation. The data analysis technique used in this study was the interactive data analysis model from Miles, Huberman, and Saldana (2014). The results of the study show that the implementation of the Regulation of the Minister of Villages, Disadvantaged Regions, and Transmigration of the Republic of Indonesia Number 7 of 2023 concerning Details of Priority Use of Village Funds in efforts to prevent and reduce stunting in Arjowilangun Village has been going quite well. The Arjowilangun Village Government has worked according to its commitments and applicable regulations. In addition, it is known that there are factors that support the program's implementation, namely the existence of regulations prioritizing stunting prevention and a capable and transparent implementation team. In contrast, the inhibiting factors are limited budget due to the absorption of Bantuan Langsung Tunai Dana Desa (BLT DD), lack of awareness among the community, and parents of toddlers who work as immigrants.

Lived Experiences of Stakeholders on the Implementation of the PNP Omnipresence Program in Cebu City

Mohamadsamer P. Mamasalagat — 2025-10-07

This qualitative phenomenological study explores the lived experiences of stakeholders regarding the implementation of the Philippine National Police (PNP) Omnipresence Program in Cebu City. The research involved 12 informants, including PNP personnel, Barangay Public Safety Officers (BPSOs), and community residents from four selected police stations. Data were gathered through in-depth interviews and analyzed using Colaizzi’s method.

The study identified eight emergent themes: (1) creation of a happy and supportive community; (2) enhancement of community satisfaction and convenience; (3) experiences of police being tarnished and misjudged; (4) lack of full collaboration and trust from the community; (5) issues of insufficient manpower; (6) lack of logistical support; (7) deterrence of petty crimes; and (8) promotion of a safer community.

Findings reveal that while the program contributes positively to crime deterrence and public safety, it faces significant challenges such as limited resources, community mistrust, and inadequate logistical and manpower support. The study concludes that effective implementation of the PNP Omnipresence Program requires strengthened community collaboration, increased logistical and personnel support, and continuous trust-building efforts between the police and the public.

Counterparty Credit Risk Management and Profitability of Microfinance Banks in Nairobi City, Kenya

Cynthia Naserian Oyie — 2025-10-07

Profitability determines the sustainability of microfinance banks, as it enables them to cover operational costs while ensuring the continued delivery of critical financial services. Regular assessment of profitability enable regulators and stakeholders in detecting emerging risks and making informed strategic decisions aimed at strengthening the sector. Nonetheless, recent trends in Kenya highlight persistent challenges concerning their profitability. The present study examined the influence of counterparty credit risk management on the profitability of microfinance banks. The study was guided by the Merton risk model. Descriptive and inferential methods were employed, with data analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) and findings presented in tables. The results demonstrated that counterparty credit risk management was strongly and positively associated with profitability (r = 0.710; p = 0.000). Regression analysis further indicated that counterparty credit risk management explained 50.4% of the variation in profitability, underscoring its central role in improving financial outcomes. The study concluded that effective counterparty credit risk management is vital for sustaining profitability in microfinance banks, as it mitigates financial shocks, protects income streams, and strengthens institutional resilience. It was recommended that microfinance banks enhance their credit evaluation processes to reduce vulnerabilities. They should also embrace diversification and risk-conscious investment strategies that align returns with exposure levels, thereby fostering stable and sustainable profitability over time.

Implementation of the Program Keluarga Harapan Policy in Tulungagung Regency, Indonesia

Iqnabella Riandini Sitra — 2025-10-07

Program Keluarga Harapan, hereinafter referred to as (PKH), is a program of the Indonesian Ministry of Social Affairs RI that provides conditional social assistance to Poor Families (KM) designated as PKH Beneficiary Families (KPM). This program provides conditional social assistance to KPM. However, in reality, the social assistance that should be used by the underprivileged to meet their needs is instead used by other family members to meet their daily needs. This study aims to describe and analyze the implementation of the Family Hope Program based on Regent Regulation No. 15 of 2023 concerning Direct Cash Assistance for the Family Hope Program in Sukorejo Kulon Village, Tulungagung District. This research is descriptive qualitative with a policy implementation model using Merille S. Grindle's Public Policy Implementation theory, which is determined by the content of the policy and its implementation context. The basic idea is that the policy implementation is carried out after the policy is transformed. Its success is determined by the degree of implementability of the policy. The objectives of this study are to 1) analyze poverty alleviation policies through the Family Hope Program in Sukorejo Kulon Village, Kalidawir Subdistrict, Tulungagung Regency. 2. To identify and analyze the obstacles/constraints in the implementation of the Family Hope Program in Sukorejo Kulon Village, Tulungagung Regency, the technical data analysis uses three components, namely 1) reducing data by summarizing or selecting key points from the data obtained, 2) presenting the reduced data in the form of a brief description, and 3) drawing conclusions after presenting the data. Then, to test the validity of the data, the author used triangulation by using different data collection techniques to obtain data from the same source.

Tactical Portfolio Adjustments and Profitability of Member Firms of the Nairobi Securities Exchange, Kenya

Emmanuel Taine Senteu — 2025-10-07

Tactical portfolio adjustments within the Portfolio hedging aims to reduce the risks linked to market volatility, safeguarding investments from potential losses. It enables firms to maintain a well-balanced portfolio by employing strategies that offset unfavorable price movements in specific assets or market segments. As a result, the profitability of brokerage firms depends on how effectively they manage these risks. Member firms of the Nairobi Securities Exchange (NSE) are essential in enabling securities trading within Kenya's capital markets. However, despite their important role in the country’s financial sector, challenges in managing portfolio risks have impeded their growth. The current study was undertaken to assess the effect of tactical portfolio adjustments on profitability of member firms of the Nairobi Securities Exchange. The study was anchored on modern portfolio theory. A descriptive research design was adopted to systematically capture and analyze the phenomenon. The target population comprised member firms of the Nairobi Securities Exchange. Data was collected using a questionnaire and analysis was aided by SPSS. The study utilized both descriptive and inferential methods for data analysis. The results revealed that tactical portfolio adjustments (r = 0.735, p = 0.000) had strong and positive relationships with profitability. The coefficient of determination was (R² = 0.540), indicating that tactical portfolio adjustments explained 54% of the variation in profitability. This demonstrates that profitability is to a great extent determined by tactical portfolio adjustments. The study concludes that tactical portfolio adjustments play a central role in stabilizing earnings and enhancing financial resilience among firms at the Nairobi Securities Exchange. It is recommended that member firms of the Nairobi Securities Exchange deepen the integration of portfolio hedging into their investment strategies to balance risks with sustainable returns and profitability.

Stakeholder Involvement at Project Identification and Performance of Agricultural Projects in Kenya

Ruth Wambui Mbugua — 2025-10-07

Stakeholder involvement during the project identification phase is a critical element of effective project management. While agriculture remains the backbone of Kenya’s economy, the performance of agricultural projects continues to face significant challenges, including delays, cost overruns, weak coordination, and inadequate stakeholder participation, despite considerable investments. About 40% of these projects are completed on time, with many exceeding budget estimates and suffering inefficiencies largely due to minimal stakeholder engagement beyond the identification stage. The current research examined the influence of stakeholder involvement during project identification phase on the performance of agricultural projects in Kenya. The study was guided by stakeholder theory. A descriptive survey design was adopted, targeting 115 staff members from the project coordinating units, alongside five purposively selected farmer groups. Data were collected through structured questionnaire. The findings established a significant relationship between stakeholder involvement at the project identification and performance of agricultural projects (r = 0.711, p = 0.000). As per regression analysis results, the beta coefficient ?=0.585, t-value t=10.006 with p=0.000 indicate a significant relationship. Therefore, the performance of agricultural projects was influenced by stakeholder involvement during project identification. The study concluded effective engagement of stakeholders enhances the transparency and significantly boosts the performance of projects. It is recommended that that policymakers and project managers embed participatory structures, incorporate stakeholder perspectives to fortify accountability and embrace flexible management approaches that drive improved project performance.